2012年4月9日
台北论坛基金会董事长苏起周一(9日)表示,台湾对大陆民主化要高度关心,但不可过度高调干预,以免造成反效果。
据中央社报道,第二届爱与和平论坛邀请中国大陆多名重量级学者来台、与台湾两岸学者共同谈民主,总统府资政、台北论坛基金会董事长苏起在“大陆民主”分组讨论会上做上述表示。
多位大陆学者提及大陆民主与西方民主的差异,政治大学国家发展研究所教授、前行政院大陆委员会副主委赵建民直言,“中国大陆是百分之百的专制制度国家。”
赵建民此语一出,与会的大陆学者们没有太多反应。但他也说,大陆近来已有民主发展,民众的政治权力意识升高,如乌坎村事件,出现社会不服从、国家被迫让步的现象,这是以前难以想像的。
他分析,大陆谈民主有3个反差,革命时期理想与建政后实践的反差、对西方世界正反情绪的反差及官员和民众思维的反差。
态度开放
来到台湾谈大陆的民主改革,部分大陆学者态度开放。
中共中央党校国际战略研究所教授门洪华对大陆民主改革抱乐观期待。他表示,民主是世界潮流,大陆走向民主是必然的,民主是“必要”的好东西;大陆历代领导人也都强调政改的重要性,“大陆从来没有放弃政改”。
中共中央编译局世界战略与发展部副研究员何哲说,大陆民主应先从党内民主起步,改革开放之初,大陆就已逐步推进党内民主,对政治改革有共识,但怎么进一步改革,讨论过程中仍有分歧。
面临挑战
担任过国安会秘书长的苏起分析,大陆推进民主的力量有3个,包括民众所得增加要求生活品质、媒体及民间团体愈来愈多、共产党内部及民间人士的持续呼吁。
而限制大陆推进民主的力量有5个。苏起提到,包括民间及政府希望稳定的心理、大陆建政后实行专政、民间及政府没有民主的观念基础、民主经验不足及沿海与内陆、城乡差距太大。
苏起说,台湾要认识大陆民主发展相当复杂,不能简单、一厢情愿看待,大陆正在摸索民主过程,从党内民主开始,一定曲折甚至“反复”,并引起内部很多争论,如:要不要民主?要什么民主?怎么样要民主?谁来主导?台湾对待中国大陆民主化应更务实,去除不必要期待。
他认为,这次大陆推举最能团结不同势力的国家副主席习近平为下任领导人,就有团结内部意识的意味,代表对于政治改革,大陆已在准备。
苏起还说,对大陆民主化,台湾要高度关心,持“同情的理解”与“低调的尊重”;若高调干预,可能会有反效果。
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